Soupe à Trois Sous (Soup for Three Cents)

American born James Abbot McNeill Whistler lived in England but traveled frequently to the continent (especially France, Italy, the Netherlands) for artistic inspiration from friends (Legros and Courbet in France) and from landscape and cityscape.  In Soupe à Trois Sous (Soup for Three Cents), Whistler, a known flaneur, inserts himself into a lowly French café inhabited by laborers.   The etching was executed in 1859, at the time he was working on the Thames set, a series of prints depicting working class life along the Thames, and possesses subject matter, mood, and spatial treatment comparable to the English prints. This impression is printed on blue laid paper.  According to the prominent Scottish Whistler print scholar, Margaret MacDonald, this may be a unique use of such paper for this print.  The paper color and dark brown ink used for this strong impression with plate tone contribute to the bleak moodiness of the subject.  The composition, a study in contrasting and shifting shapes and lines, anticipates similar haunted café scenes by Van Gogh, Cezanne, and Picasso.