Yedikuleli Seyyid ʿAbdullâh Efendi

The calligrapher's full name is Yedikuleli Seyyid ʿAbdullâh (al-Sayyid ʿAbd Allāh) Efendi, or Seyyid Abdullâh Efendi of Yedikule. Yedikule means "Seven Towers" and refers to a neighborhood of Istanbul. He was the foremost student of Hâfız Osman Efendi (d. 1698), from whom he received his license in 1690. He taught at the Topkapı Palace School during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III (r. 1703–1730), had numerous students, and was responsible for the establishment of the Hâfiz Osman style of Ottoman calligraphy. He was a prolific artist who copied the Qur'an a remarkable twenty-four times.